For instance, antagonists for the orexin-1 receptor (OxR1) are thought to hold great promise for treating drug addiction and disorders associated with overeating, as these compounds repeatedly have been found to suppress seeking of various drugs of abuse as well as highly palatable foods in preclinical models.
In sum, we reveal for the first time the mechanism of cancer drug addiction in ALK-positive ALCL and the benefit of scheduled intermittent dosing in high-risk patient-derived tumors in vivo.
For instance, antagonists for the orexin-1 receptor (OxR1) are thought to hold great promise for treating drug addiction and disorders associated with overeating, as these compounds repeatedly have been found to suppress seeking of various drugs of abuse as well as highly palatable foods in preclinical models.
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is part of a brain reward circuit affected by Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC through modulation of glutamate afferents arising from corticolimbic brain areas implicated in drug addiction and psychiatric disorders.
To address the role of adolescent stress in the development of drug addiction, we combined a transgenic mouse model in which a putative dominant-negative form of DISC1 under expressional control of the prion protein promoter is used as a genetic risk factor and adolescent social isolation stress as a gene-environmental interaction (GXE).
The dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and dopamine transporter (DAT) play a regulatory role in dopaminergic neurotransmission and thus play an important role in drug addiction.
A large body of evidence in both animal and human studies suggests that CB1R antagonism is highly effective for the treatment of obesity, metabolic disorders and drug addiction.
This review describes (1) different 5-HT functioning in the embryonic (as neurotrophin) and adult brain (as a neurotransmitter); (2) BDNF as a modulator of 5-HT system and vice versa; (3) the prolonged positive effect of BDNF on genetically and epigenetically defined central nervous system disorders; (4) The 5-HT-BDNF interplay contribution to aggressive behavior, depression, drug addiction, suicide, and stress response; and (5) the role of common second messengers for 5-HT and BDNF signaling in the 5-HT-BDNF interaction.
Their potential therapeutic utilization in conditions of stress and drug relapse, besides chronic pain, is here presented, including the possible use of KOR-agonists in drug addiction.
The dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and dopamine transporter (DAT) play a regulatory role in dopaminergic neurotransmission and thus play an important role in drug addiction.
These results indicate that withdrawal-induced mGluR2/3 downregulation alters neural plasticity after morphine exposure, which may be a mechanism contributing to drug addiction.
The effects of stress on drug addiction are mainly mediated by the action of corticotropin-releasing factor and other stress hormones, which weaken the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and strengthen the amygdala, leading to a negative emotional state, craving and lack of executive control, increasing the risk of relapse.
Expression level changes of SGK1 (serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1) and PER2 (period circadian protein homolog 2), two putative biomarkers for drug dependence, were also analyzed.
The results reveal that DRN 5-HT1A receptor mediate the sensitization to cocaine in mice experienced with chronic pain and may be used as a new molecular target for therapeutic interventions to drug addiction influenced by chronic stress.
These data indicate a role for RasGRF2 in cocaine SA in mice that is ERK-dependent, and suggest a differential effect of global versus site-specific RasGRF2 inhibition.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Exposure to drugs of abuse activates a variety of intracellular pathways, and following repeated exposure, persistent changes in these pathways contribute to drug dependence.
Dysfunction of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is associated with several psychopathological disorders, including drug addiction and neurodegenerative diseases.
In line with other studies, our findings showed that restoring GLT-1 expression with minocycline might be considered as a potential target for correcting pre-clinical and clinical manifestations of drug addiction.
Transcriptional regulators in the PAR bZip family that are influenced by the circadian clock and that modulate neurotransmission associated with pain and drug addiction were also over-expressed in OIH relative to CON mice.